Optical instrument.



A. HAHN.

OPTICAL INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 18, 1909.

Patented Julie 22, 1909.

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VVilneua; I (g 141 AAA-M74 OPTICAL INSTRUMEIJT APPLICATION FILED FEB.18,1009.

E9atented June 22, 1909.

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At the ends of the trunk 9 two prisms d d are fastcned in any known manner. They are adapted to receive the rays of light passing through the lenses of c and to so dellect them in opposite directions as to cause them to pass through the tubular trunk g toward the middle of the latter, as is indicatcd by the dotted lines.

The trunk g is provided with two pref crably adjustable eyopieces f f. The manner in which the two cyepieces f f are d1sposed in the-trunk 5 and in which they are made adjustable, is in'unaterial to'my invention. For cxampletl'le trunk g is shown as provided with a longitudinal guide is on the rear side and with an opening a: on the front side, in which two opposite frames 2' i of any known construction are guided, while a regulating knohZ with two oppositely threaded screws engaging in the frames 2' serves for sin'mltaneously ad ustmg in a known manner the two frames i z in the direction 'of theof the trunk g. The two eyepieces 7 f proper are longitudinally guided in the two frames 2' in directions parallel to the two axes /1 /t, /L]L. They engage each with two opposite pins in in slanting slots at provided in lugs (not shown) on thetrunk g It. will be understood, that during the simultaneous adjustment of the two-frames 2' 2' Vin the direction of the axis of the trunk also the two eyepieces f f will be simultaneously adjusted in directions at right However, the two cyepieces f. f and the two frames 2' i may be of any other known construction and they may be arranged to be adjusted in any other known manner for obtaining sharp images, the only essential point being that the axes of the eyepieces f f be parallel to the pivotal axes /I.-/i, /L-/L of the two fold ing arms g-q. In eachfran'ie z' a pcntaprism is shown as disposed in any known manner and this prism c is adapted to so deflect the rays oflight emanating from the opposite prisms d as to cause them to pass through the eyepiece f, as is indicated by the dotted lines.

The two arms Q can be both folded, as is indicated at Fig. 2, in which case the optical instrument will occupy the smallest space. They may be both spread; as-is shown at Fig. 1, or they may be both turned upward into avertical position, similar to Fig. 4, in which case it is for example possible for the observer to watch some object without being himself seen. For any osition of the folding arms the rays of ight meeting the exterior prisms a a will pass through the pivotal joints in w to the lenses 0 in directions tions. It is essential, that the delicate optical parts, that is' to say, the lenses 0 c of the objectives, be disposed in the rigid trunk y, while only deflecting means are provided -so that they can parallel to their original direcin the two folding arms. Then the exactitude of the optical instrument will be main:

in a similar manner to that to be of the trunk g I presently described with reference to Fig. 5. 'The prisms (Z (Z and ac may be severally replaced by other equivalent prisms.

Figs. 3 to 5 illustrate a distance-meter with two folding arms, the construction of which is substantially the same as that of the binocular telescope just described, only that a single eyepiece f is employed, which is shown to be of another known construction. The parts of the distance-meter corresponding to those of the binocular telescope are denoted by the same letters of-reference, only that they are primed. The two prisms d d at the ends of the trunk g are shown to be pentaprisms, while the two lenses 0 ,0 of the objectives are disposed in the 'axis of the trunk as is shown in Fig. 5. The-two are here shown as replaced bytwo opposite prisms c 0 having each only half their width aml being so superposed, that their contactv surface is in the central horizontal plane of the eyepiece 7. For measuring .the distance of the object, the two halves of the image of which appear in the eyepiece f, a known wedge-shaped.prism o is provided in one (here the right) half of the trunk 9 This prism 0 is secured in aframe 3 which is guided in a slot 3 in the trunk g and.engages with its lug 2 2 the screw-spindle z of a known measuring drum p. This drum p mounted to turn between two points shown is provided with a spiral groove, in which an indicator p of any known construction is adapted to engage, whileit is'longit-udinally movable on a rod 37 secured in suitable lugs 2" p" on the trunk 'g. As is well known, the drum 7) is so regulated by turning asto make the two halves of the image in the eye piece 7"" coincide with one another. Then the distance of the object can be read ofli the scale on the drum 1) with the aid of the indicator 1). In this case the two folding arms q are assumed to be spread, as is shown at Fig. 3. If the distance-meter is to be used behind some cover, its two folding arms 9 g are turned upward, as is shown at Fig. 4, just. project above the cover, while the observer remains hidden. As in this case lhe'base of the distance-meter, that is the distance of the two exterior deflecting means (4 (L1. is reduced, of course another scale provided on the drum 1 will require to be used.

The improvement according to myinveupentaprisms c c in the binocular telescope out incurring the danger of considerable er- ,onter or free ends.

the arms, and deflecting means arranged in tion particularly valuable for distance meters, as thereby it is rendered possible to give the (,llSl'flY'lCQ-lllttfl a larger base withrors in reading oil the distance of the'object.

Either of the optical instruments described above can be varied in many respects without departing from the spirit of my invention.

1 claim:

1. In an optical instrument, the comhination of a trunk provided intermediate of its ends with sighting means, and arms I swiveled to the ends of the trunk and toldable alongside and parallel with the latter, said arms receiving the rays of light at their In an optical instrument, the combination of a trunk provided intermediate of its ends with sighting means, and arms connected with the ends of said trunk and arranged to turn around axes located transversely of the trunk, the movement of the arms being in a plane parallel to the trunk.

3. In an optical instrument, the combination of a tubular trunk provided intermediate of its ends with sighting means, tubular arm connected with the ends of the trunk and movable in a plane parallel to said trunk, and means by which the rays of light which are received at the outer ends of said arms are transmitted to the si 'hting means 1-. In an optical instrument, the combina tion of a tubular trunk having sighting means intermediate of its ends and directed transversely of the trunk, tubular arms connected with the ends of the trunk and movable in a plane parallel with the latter, and deflecting means jarranged in the arms and trunk.

5. In an optical instrument, the combination of a tubular trunk having sighting means, tubular arms connected with the ends of the trunk and movable about axes located transversely of the latter, said arms being open attheir outer ends to receive rays of light passing in a direction t'ansversely of the arms and trunk.

6. In an optical instrument, the combination of a tubular trunk having sighting means, tubular arms connected with the ends trunk at opposite sides of the sighting means,

7. in an optical instrument, the eombination with a tubular trunk having between its ends two evepieccs at right :mgles to its axis, of two folding tubular arms pa'allel to said tubular "trunk and adapted to turn at the ends oi the letter on one side around axes at right; angles to its axis and parallel to said e vepieces, deflecting means in said two folding tubular arms adapted to receive rays of light in a direction parallel to said eyc iieces and to send. them first through the arms and afterward in the direction of their pivotal axes, and lenses and deflecting means disposed in said tubular trunk and adapted to receive the rays of light passing in the pivotal axes and to send them first through said trunk and afterward through said eyepieces.

S. In an optical instrument, the combination with a tubular trunk having between its ends two eyepieces at right angles to its axis, of two folding tubular arms parallel to said tubular trunk on the side opposite to said eyepieees and adapted to turn at the ends of said trunk around axes at right angles to its axis and parallel to said eyepieces, deflecting means in said two folding tubular arms adapted to receive rays of light in a direction parallel to said eyepieces and to send them first through the arms and afterward in the direction of their pivotal axes, and lenses and deflecting means disposed in said tubular trunk and adapted to receive the rays of light passing in the pivotal axes and to send themiirst through said trunk and afterward through said eye pieces.

In testin'iony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two sul'iseribing witnesses.

ADOLF HAHN.

\Vitnesses \Vxmmmr DOBLER, IIERMANN Li'i'rirnmmno. 

